Imperfections for Local and Global Interaction Buckling of Welded Square High-strength Steel Box-section Columns

The interaction behavior between local and global buckling modes in high-strength steel box-section columns has received limited research attention. Currently, there is a lack of validated equivalent geometric imperfection that can be effectively employed nonlinear plastic analysis to estimate the resistance. This aims find imperfections used geometrical materially using (GMNIA) resistance square welded made steel. It extends prior investigations by authors on for normal-strength box-sections. A developed numerical model perform parametric studies accurate capacity previously verified combinations residual stresses. capacities are calibrate FEM-based design. reliability assessment study also performed check safety level proposed combinations.